Speaker
Description
Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease, and difficult to classify the in terms of its phenotype. The classification that is based on endotypes necessitates quantifiable biomarkers and the current laboratory-based methodology does not allow standardized sampling, as well as relatively slow turnaround time, and the possibility of measuring them outside specialized facilities is low. Electrochemical biosensors using interdigitated gold electrodes have been suggested to be a viable solution to non-invasive and fast detection of CRS biomarkers at a low cost. This paper assesses the existing situation with regards to IDGE based CRS biomarker testing in relation to three requirements; standardization of sampling, multi-plexed biomarker identification, and constant functioning in biological fluids. Direct evidence of IDGE and transferable technology are also separated throughout. Gold electrode to detect proteins, nucleic acids and small-molecule metabolites are available in the transferable technology category. These are some cases that demonstrate what is technically possible with similar systems, but they do not prove that a CRS sensor based on IDGE would be able to perform at a comparable level in nasal secretions. Clinical and methodological standardization of sampling still is a requirement; multi-analyte electrochemical devices have been demonstrated to allow multiplexed detection of CRS biomarkers in an IDGE, yet there is no proof of stability and reproducibility of complex biological fluids, which is the least fulfilled condition of the three. Based on this, it is best to view the CRS diagnosis based on the IDGE as being a feasible technical option that has not been proven clinically. The information about the stability and reproducibility of the same matrix, and the ability to identify several markers simultaneously with the cross-reactivity identified.
