Speakers
Description
There is a growing need of the miniaturized and fast detecting devices in various applications like medical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental monitoring. This has been an attention that electrochemical biosensor chips have received much in recent years. The structural dimensions of interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) are small, the effective surface area is relatively large, the distribution of the electric field is concentrated, and it is possible to integrate with miniature detection system. This paper begins by presenting the fundamental design of IDEs, the key parameters of their structure, electrode materials and substrate materials. It then concludes on typical methods of detection including voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), as well as surface treatment of electrodes, biological functionalization, and other important metrics of performance evaluation. In this regard, gold interdigitated tetraelectrode (AuIDTE) is taken as a particular object of research in this paper, which is a AuIDTE, and the feasibility of its use as a biosensor chip is assessed on the basis of existing literature as a literature-based proof of concept. The related literature demonstrates that AuIDTEs can form biorecognition interfaces using antibodies, aptamers and nanoscale functional materials. They may also be coupled with cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and EIS to identify biological targets. Additional studies on the same gold interdigitated electrode platform further suggest that it can be employed in detecting proteins and disease-related biomarkers and has relatively low limits of detection. Moreover, associated research affirm that both the gold electrode and the glass substrate can undergo suitable surface chemical treatment. This offers the prerequisites necessary to build a full biosensing interface. According to the current literature, AuIDTEs seem to have an opportunity to develop biosensor chips regarding device structure, material properties, surface functionalization, and electrochemical detection. The review and proof-of-concept offered here can provide some guidance on future biosensor design, surface modification and experimental work on AuIDTEs.
